Code
NUNI
Status
Formal (Weerts & Busschers 2003).
Lithological description
Brown to black peat and other organics, locally clayey. Subordinate yellow to greenish brown gyttja layers or detritus from eroded peat mixed with clastic sediment.
Depositional setting
Nutrient-poor (moss peat) to nutrient-rich (reed, sedge and woody peat) marsh and swamp in lowland subject to groundwater-table rise, raised bog.
Definition of lower boundary
Gradual transition (rooted horizon) to sharp contact with periglacial sand (Boxtel Formation), fluvial silt and sand (Kreftenheye Formation), or coastal sand and clay (Wormer, Walcheren, Schoorl and Zandvoort Members, Naaldwijk Formation). Gradual transition into humic fluvial clay (Echteld Formation).
Definition of upper boundary
Commonly exposed at the surface. Elsewhere, gradual transition into lagoonal clay (Velsen Bed, Naaldwijk Formation) or humic fluvial clay (Echteld Formation), sharp contact with coastal sand and clay (Wormer, Walcheren, Schoorl and Zandvoort Members, Naaldwijk Formation).
Thickness indication
Up to about 8 m.
Geographical distribution
Commonly intercalated in the Naaldwijk and Echteld Formations.
Regional correlation
North Sea: commonly included in the Elbow Formation mapped in conjunction with the British and Belgian Geological Surveys); UK: British Coastal Deposits Group with Fenland and Breydon Formations, and Brittannia Catchments Group with Clippens Peat, Blelham Peat and Flanders Moss Peat Formations (McMillan et al. 2011); GER: part of Holozäne Nordsee Formation (Brand et al. 1965; Barckhausen et al. 1977), Verzahnungskomplex and Torfkomplex (Preuss 1979); BEL: Botrange, Pervijze and Rotselaar Beds (Gullentops et al. 2001).
Age
Holocene, locally Late Pleistocene (late Weichselian).
Holostratotype
Well:
Depth (thickness) AH:
0 - 8.1 m (8.1 m) below surface level
Comments:
Intercalated peat layers are part of the Nieuwkoop Formation.
Hypostratotype
Well:
Depth (thickness) AH:
Not applicable.
Comments:
Cross-sections A, B and C from Doppert et al. (1975).
Origin of name
Named after the village of Nieuwkoop, south of Amsterdam in the western Netherlands.
Previous name(s)
Hollandveen Member, Griendtsveen Formation, peat layers in the Betuwe Formation (Doppert et al. 1975), Wold Formation (Roeleveld 1974), Broek Formation (Berendsen 1982, 1984).
Reviewed by (date)
Wim Dubelaar (2018), Sytze van Heteren (2019).
References
Baeteman, C. 1981. An alternative classification and profile type map applied to the Holocene deposits of the Belgian coastal plain. Bulletin van de Belgische Vereniging voor Geologie, 90 (4), 257-280.
Barckhausen, J., Preuss, H., Streif, H.-J. 1977. Ein lithologisches Ordnungsprinzip für das Küstenholozän und seine Darstellung in Form van Profiltypen. Geologisches Jahrbuch Reihe A, 44, 45-77.
Berendsen, H.J.A. 1982. De genese van het landschap in het zuiden van de provincie Utrecht, een fysisch-geografische studie. Proefschrift, Utrechtse Geografische Studies 25, 255 p.
Berendsen, H.J.A. 1984. Problems of lithostratigraphic classification of Holocene deposits in the perimarine area of the Netherlands. Geologie en Mijnbouw 63: 351-354.
Brand, G., Hageman, B.P., Jelgersma, S., Sindowski, K.H. 1965. Die Lithostratigraphische Unterteilung des marinen Holozäns an der Nordseeküste. Geologisches Jahrbuch, 82, 365-384.
Doppert, J.W.Chr., Ruegg, G.H.J., Van Staalduinen, C.J., Zagwijn, W.H., Zandstra, J.G. 1975. Formaties van het Kwartair en Boven-Tertiair in Nederland. In: Zagwijn, W.H., Van Staalduinen, C.J. (eds.): Toelichting bij geologische overzichtskaarten van Nederland. Rijks Geologische Dienst, Haarlem, 11-56.
Gullentops, F., Bogemans, F., De Moor, G., Paulissen, E., Pissart, A. 2001. Quaternary lithostratigraphic units (Belgium). In: Bultynck, P., Dejonghe, L. (eds.), Guide to a revised lithostratigraphic scale of Belgium, Geologica Belgica, 4/1-2, 153-164.
McMillan, A.A., Hamblin, R.J.O., Merritt, J.W. 2011. A lithostratigraphical framework for onshore Quaternary and Neogene (Tertiary) superficial deposits of Great Britain and the Isle of Man. British Geological Survey Research Report, RR/10/03, 343 p.
Preuss, H. 1979. Die Holozäne Entwicklung der Nordseeküste im Gebiet der östlichen Wesermarsch. Geologisches Jahrbuch Reihe A 53, 3-84.
Roeleveld, W. 1974. The Holocene Evolution of the Groningen Marine-Clay District. Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek, Supplement, 24: 1-132.
Weerts, H.J.T., Busschers, F.S. 2003. Beschrijving lithostratigrafische eenheid. Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO. Utrecht.
Cite as
TNO-GDN ([YEAR]). Nieuwkoop Formation. In: Stratigraphic Nomenclature of the Netherlands, TNO – Geological Survey of the Netherlands. Accessed on [DATE] from http://acc.dinoloket.nl/en/stratigraphic-nomenclature/nieuwkoop-formation.